| Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is
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| | War II in Europe and the nuclear bombing
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| a psychological syndrome first recognized
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| | of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan. It
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| by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual
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| | was clear that for the patients
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| of Mental Disorders in 1980 (American
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| | exhibiting symptoms such as those
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| Psychiatric Association).The literature
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| | mentioned above, the abuse of drugs was
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| on traumatic anxiety covers a wide range
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| | part of an effort to self-medicate and
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| of varying circumstances and experiences.
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| | ease the emotional pain. The drug abuse,
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| The effects of these experiences, whether
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| | then, was seen as a serious, yet
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| from natural disasters or events of human
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| | secondary problem, whose goal was both to
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| creation, war, terrorism or single acts
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| | mask and alter those feelings of being
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| of violence against one person are often
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| | powerless to change one's intolerable
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| determined by the individual's capacity
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| | emotional state. This same approach can
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| to cope with stress. This in turn is a
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| | be used to understand those individuals
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| function of each person's early
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| | who survived early-life incest and sexual
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| developmental experiences with trust,
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| | abuse.However, there is a much more
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| constancy and mastery. Traumatic abuse,
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| | limited discussion as to how the wider
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| sexual or otherwise, in the first years
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| | understanding applies to adult survivors
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| of human life not only effects the child
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| | of early childhood incest experiences.
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| in the moment, but has a more lasting
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| | Working with those suffering PTSD as a
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| effect on the ongoing development of the
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| | result of war experiences, we learned
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| defense system itself.Individual
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| | first to note the cluster of
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| psychology believes that traumatic
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| | characteristic symptoms, and to see the
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| anxiety is most often seen as resulting
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| | connection between an overwhelming
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| when the ego is "overwhelmed or
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| | distressing and disorienting event, often
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| disorganized" with the defenses employed
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| | beyond the normal range of human coping
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| in the service of maintaining a sense of
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| | capacities, and the resultant later
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| self-constancy and continuity. More
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| | symptomatology. The stimuli producing
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| specifically, the defense function acts
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| | these events were experienced with such
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| to ward off a sense of discontinuity or
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| | an intense terror and helplessness
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| void in one's identity. Therefore, the
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| | notwithstanding all attempts to deny,
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| trauma is considered an attack, real or
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| | internalize or act out, the traumatic
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| potential, escalating the anxiety to
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| | event is relived as a series of intrusive
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| terror as a consequence the protective
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| | recollections or as repetitious dreams
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| rage is rendered unconscious and turned
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| | and nightmares in which the trauma
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| inward to depression and guilt, or
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| | recurs. Though the symptomatology varies
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| outward to action discharge. This process
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| | from person to person, it remains a
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| is called into action to protect against
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| | number of common characteristics. Quite
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| these powerful threats to the integration
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| | often there are dissociative disorders:
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| of the self. It reminds one of the
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| | fugue states, period of derealization,
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| often-quoted words of Freud "that what
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| | amnesias and trance state, lasting for a
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| makes us neurotic in adulthood is what we
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| | few moments, for several hours, and even
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| learned in childhood to stay alive." The
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| | for several days. Because of the
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| key is the breakdown in the growing
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| | extensive use of denial in most cases of
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| psychic apparatus and its ability to
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| | sexual abuse, complete loss of memory of
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| provide stimulus barrier. Therefore,
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| | the abusive events are quite common. Of
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| effecting a breach in the ego's
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| | course, what is also quite common is that
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| boundaries or protective shield.These
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| | the individual becomes symptomatic
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| stimuli are experienced as overwhelming
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| | (usually bouts of depression or intense
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| and producing a sense of helplessness,
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| | free-floating anxiety), or given to
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| often leading to a sense of hopelessness.
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| | explosive action discharge.Another
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| Clearly, the trauma can be psychological,
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| | expression of the dissociative symptoms
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| emotional, physical, or sexual (most
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| | mentioned is found in the expression by
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| commonly, incest), often involving
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| | incest survivors the feelings of
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| aspects of all four. In the case of
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| | depersonalization, feeling detached and
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| incest what stands out - adding to the
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| | estranged from others. Some survivors
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| terror caused by the actual and potential
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| | exhibit a need for a hypervigilance of
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| attack, with its accompanying sense of
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| | their surroundings and talk of an
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| helplessness - is the humiliation, shame,
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| | exaggerated sensitivity to touch. Also
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| and feelings of degradation. Commonly,
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| | commonly experienced is a kind of
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| these feelings lead to an identification
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| | anhedonia, a loss of the experience of
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| with the aggressor internalizing the
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| | pleasure, an incapacity for happiness or
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| sadistic and masochistic components (all
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| | to feel strong emotions, especially those
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| rendered unconscious), resulting in
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| | associated with trust, intimacy,
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| intense guilt and self-blame. Perhaps the
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| | tenderness and sexuality. Still another
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| most crucial component of the trauma for
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| | affective disturbance commonly found in
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| survivors of sexual abuse is not only
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| | incest survivors and other sufferers of
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| that it results from acts causing severe
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| | post-traumatic conditions is called
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| pain, suffering, humiliation and
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| | alexithymia, it is characterized by
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| intimidation, but that it is inflicted by
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| | poorly differentiated affects which
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| those deemed protectors. Another factor
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| | inadequately serve the signal function.
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| in this process is the strong demand from
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| | Sufferers often think in very pragmatic
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| the instigators that the victim become
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| | ways, almost robot-like, appearing
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| part of a conspiracy of silence. This
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| | super-adjusted to reality and quite
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| leads to further operations by the
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| | stoical in appearance. In psychotherapy
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| victim's defense system in order "to stay
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| | these individuals tend to recount
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| alive," primary among them being the
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| | trivial, chronologically ordered events
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| defense of denial.My interest in
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| | of daily life in monotonous detail. They
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| traumatic stress and anxiety began over
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| | stifle imagination, intuition, empathy,
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| two decades ago. At the time I was
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| | fantasy, especially in relation to
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| involved in a project working with
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| | others. This phenomenon is seen from a
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| Vietnam veterans addicted to various
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| | psychoanalytic perspective as a group of
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| kinds of drugs. This project was designed
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| | developmental defenses against totally
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| to study the effect of psychotherapy as
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| | terrifying experiences of early life.from
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| an adjunct to chemotherapy (methadone) on
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| | a historical perspective, the disguised
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| the addicted veterans. While working with
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| | or hidden victims of incest and sexual
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| this group, I noticed that many of the
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| | abuse have long remained unrecognized or
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| patients diagnosed with divergent kings
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| | disbelieved. For many, in the mental
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| of addictive disorders also exhibited
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| | health profession, the central nature of
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| symptoms of depression, anxiety, sadness,
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| | trauma in the development of
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| profound withdrawal, and brooding. Also,
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| | psychopathology is indisputable. And, of
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| I observed that these veterans suffered
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| | the traumas in early childhood, the most
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| severe mood swings, deep character change
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| | damaging to the individual psyche is the
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| and survivior-guilt nightmares. At the
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| | trauma of incest. Its growing recognition
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| core was always the overwhelming sense of
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| | in recent years has been a welcome
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| helplessness and hopelessness. In the
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| | turnaround from the earlier view that the
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| past these symptoms were most often
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| | individual's memory of incest and sexual
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| associated with survivors of overwhelming
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| | abuse was invariably the expression of an
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| trauma such as the Holocaust during World
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| | infantile wishful fantasy.
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