What is Remediation?

The word "remediation" is very important in the workclassroom or at church, learn academic skills, play on
my colleagues and I do with families affected bythe playground equipment, wait in line without
autism and other neuro-developmental disabilities, butbecoming upset, greet others when we see them,
it is a word that is unfamiliar to many people. Ietc. While we may also look for ways to support
thought I would take a moment this week to talktheir communication and to improve their relationships
about what remediation means in general, andwith others, we do this on a very surface level
specifically in the realm of autism.without really understanding the obstacles that create
Let's start with some basic dictionary definitions:those problems in the first place. And, because we
Remediate (verb) - To remedy a problemdon't really understand the root issues that create
Remedial (adjective) - Intended to correct orthese problems, we resort to compensation
improve one's skill in a specific field; therapeutic,techniques rather than remediating the root causes.
corrective, restorativeWhen you look at the history of treatments in the
Remediation (noun) - Use of remedial methods tofield of autism, it has been primarily about
improve skills; the act or process of correcting acompensation. While research on the brain and autism
deficiencyhas continued to move forward and provide us new
Dr. Steven Gutstein's definition of remediation:information, our treatment approaches have
Correcting a deficit to the point where it no longerstagnated. The methods we were using 30 years
constitutes and obstacleago are still the methods being used today, despite
My definition: Work ON something, not just around itthe fact that we have a whole host of new
Whether you are a parent or professional, it is criticalinformation available to us. We now have the
to understand what remediation is, and the distinctioncapacity to take what we know about the disorder
between remediation and compensation. Perhaps theof autism and how it impacts brain function, and
most common application of this distinction is in thedevelop new techniques and approaches that move
area of reading problems. If a child is diagnosed withbeyond compensation and actually work to remediate
a reading disability, we typically apply remediation(correct) the primary features of the disorder. This is
approaches to help them learn to read. At variousone of the exciting things about newer approaches
points we may use compensations, such as books onsuch as the Relationship Development Intervention
tape, to support them. However, our goal is to(RDI)® Program, which focuses on remediating,
remediate, or correct, the problem that is preventingrather than just working around, the core deficits we
them from reading so they can become functionalsee in individuals with autism and other
readers. In my professional experience, I have yet toneuro-developmental disorders.
come across a situation where adults believe that ifIt is time to move beyond thinking about treatment
an 8 year old child is not yet reading, that we shouldas merely capitalizing on strengths, and begin thinking
just compensate for that and give them books onabout how to strengthen areas of weakness.
tape to listen to for the rest of their lives. RemedialResearch has shown us that autism is primarily a
efforts are taken to get to the root of the problemdisorder of connectivity in the brain-with some
and overcome the issues that are preventingportions over connected and others under connected.
successful reading.What is so exciting about this is that we know that
Now take this same concept and apply it toneural connectivity can change throughout the
individuals on the autism spectrum. By definition theylifespan. The human brain has an enormous capacity
are struggling in many areas: socialization,for developing new connections and changing the
communication, thinking flexibly, and the list goes onpatterns of connectivity when given the right types
depending on the person. What approach do weof stimulation. This is what allows us to look at
usually take to these deficits? By and large, we takeautism treatment in a new light. It cannot be merely
a compensation approach. We find ways to workabout strengthening the areas that are already
around these problems so that the students fit intostrong. Effective education and treatment must be
the mold of what we do at home and in schoolfocused on building new connections in the areas
everyday. Our main motivation becomes applyingwhere connectivity is deficient. This is the essence of
strategies that help them exhibit what we considerremediation.
to be "typical" behaviors -sit appropriately in the