Dolphin Assisted Therapy and Down Syndrome

Dolphin Assisted Therapy (DAT) is a relatively newNo long term studies have proven the effectiveness
treatment that is becoming popular for children withof DAT, and "five studies [reviewed] for efficacy of
learning disabilities, such as autism, Down syndromeDAT were invalid." (From Wildlife Extra website)
and attention deficit disorder, as well as patients withAlthough sonar is used in modern medicine to break
epilepsy, cancer and depression.up kidney stones and gallstones, their contention is
Advocates claim that DAT boosts the immunethat the sonar used by dolphins is far less powerful,
system and increases the learning capacity by 2-10even if dolphins communicate regularly during therapy,
times, with a retention rate of 50% in a year.which many do not. Their well-being is vital for their
However, this therapy is not without its critics.behavior and communication. But, with the demand of
Researchers and psychologists are concerned thatDAT, that is jeopardized greatly. Currently,
this growing fad is dangerous to humans and dolphins,regulations' regarding the capture of dolphins is either
overpriced and unproven scientifically. With that said,non-existent or loosely enforced. Although most
it is essential to understand the basics of DAT whichdolphins are bred in captivity in the United States,
lies within the communication of the dolphins.many are captured in the most brutal and tortuous
A Dolphins language consists of a series of clicks,ways and purchased by U.S. facilities.
whistles, meows and barks. These sounds produceIt is estimated that as many are caught, an equal
powerful sonar. Although complicated, the basicsamount are killed or wounded. Many are separated
seem relatively simple: the waves of sonar resonatefrom their mates and/or calves. This can lead to
between the skull and the sternum, moving upaggressive and unpredictable behavior. This creates
through the spine, creating a relaxed state (similar togreat risk for everyone involved, especially the
the brain wave called Alpha) where our bodieschildren.
produce major infection and disease fighting T-CellsDolphins are also highly social mammals. Captivity,
and endorphins. It also triggers a "phenomenon calledseparation, isolation and stress often lead to sickness
cavitation , (a ripping apart of molecules)." (R.Blow, 01,and/or death. Putting children in a tank with a sick or
1995). Apparently this hole created by caviation fillsdying dolphin may increase the risk of infection for
with these critical healing molecules, and sends themboth the child and the dolphin(s) involved.
out in force throughout the body.Dolphin Assisted Therapy is clearly controversial.
LifePositive gives an example of the outcome: InSonar is a medically proven therapy and rewarding
1995, "a child suffering from leukemia...with only a fewchildren with such a delightful adventure as swimming
months to live...," received the therapy and iswith dolphins would clearly promote effective
"enjoying a complete remission to this day."teaching and learning strategies. However, the risks
According to Dolphinassistance.org, working withto these gentle and intelligent mammals, and those
dolphins increases learning for children with autism orthey are purportedly healing, should be carefully
Down syndrome from 2-10 times more rapidly thanconsidered by all interested DAT. The risks involved
those without DAT. Upon successful completion ofare not without warrant, and are most certainly more
targeted tasks, the children are rewarded withclearly documented than the benefits.
dolphin interaction. Because the children enjoy beingIn conclusion, before considering DAT, do your
with the dolphins as much as possible, this rewardhomework. Research the facility, and know how they
becomes an effective tool, which in turn createsattain and care for their mammals, as this will directly
positive memories associated with the task, resultingaffect your child. Talk to professionals, as well as
in long term retention.those who have completed the therapy, and be
With over 150 Dolphin Assisted programs worldwide,open to both the positive and the negative feedback.
it would seem that this therapy is beyond criticism.Remember that the goal of many facilities is not
That is not the case.necessarily the care of your child or the dolphins
In 2007, Lori Marino, a researcher at Emoryinvolved.
University, and Scott Lilienfield, a clinical psychologist,These children and the dolphins are both at great risk
began campaigning against DAT, stating, "DAT is badand should be protected. Neither should be sacrificed
for People and for Dolphins". Their rationale is logical.in the name of therapy.