Caring for Sarah

The marriage of Patrick Henry and Sarah Shelton inher own protection, she was confined to a large
1754 certainly got off to a good start. Her parentscellar room which, no doubt, worsened her condition
provided them both with a fine dowry including aalthough her family ensured that it was as
600-acre tobacco farm in Virginia called Pine Slash, acomfortable as possible.
house, and six slaves. Patrick's early attempt atSarah eventually died in 1775 without ever having
becoming a gentleman farmer ended due to arecovered her sanity and she was buried in an
disastrous drought in Virginia and a fire in 1757 thatunmarked grave on the plantation. Her death hit her
destroyed their house. Patrick sold the slaves andhusband hard and when he made his famous "Give
used the profits to open a store which also failed.me liberty or give me death" one month later, it was
Despite these setbacks, his self-taught law skills andlikely that the memory of his dead wife made it
talent for oratory earned him public attention andespecially poignant. He would later remarry and his
launched him on a political career. Patrick laterstature as a politician would ensure him a permanent
purchased a new plantation and all seemed to beplace in U.S. history but there is little to mark Sarah's
well, except...life except as a footnote in her husband's biography.
By 1771 and after the birth of her sixth child, Sarah'sFor generations after Sarah's death, families with
mental health had deteriorated rapidly. Diagnosis onmentally ill members would be forced to make the
the basis of historical accounts is always a trickysame harsh choices that her family did. Spontaneous
business and the exact nature of her illness is openrecovery from mental illness rarely occurred,
to debate (post-partum depression is one possibility)especially in the cramped, underserved hospital
What is not in debate is that Sarah was no longersettings that most mental patients were forced to
able to care for herself or her children. For familiesendure. It wasn't until the late twentieth century that
with mentally ill members, there were few options ineffective treatment would make hospitals into
those days. While the colony of Virginia had a lunaticsomething more than a place to warehouse those
asylum in operation, the standard of care for inmatesconsidered too insane to be accommodated in
left much to be desired. Treatment was nonexistentsociety. While the stigma of mental illness continues
and it was primarily a place where the mentally illand downsizing of psychiatric services means that
could be held against their will (and out of sight).too many of the mentally ill are wandering the
Placing Sarah in such an institution was not an optionstreets,we've hopefully moved somewhat beyond
for Sarah's family and she would spend the rest ofthe era of madwomen locked in cellars. At least, in
her life being cared for on the family plantation. Forthis part of the world.