Who Can Make An Accessibility Claim Under the ADA

Title III of the ADA was intended to remove barriershearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.
and make places of public accommodation for all typeThe Justice Department then defines the phrase "has
of individuals with disabilities and not just those thata record of such an impairment" means has a history
are wheel chair bound. The primary focus under theof, or has been misclassified as having, a mental or
ADA is persons with physical disabilities and includes aphysical impairment that substantially limits one or
very broad range of disabled individuals.more major life activities.
The congressional committee reports and the JusticeFor purposes of the ADA Title III, per the Justice
Department look to a comparison between a disabledDepartment, the phrase "is regarded as having an
person and an average person. The Justice statesimpairment" means:
that a person with a disability is one whose important(i) Has a physical or mental impairment that does not
life activities are restricted as to the conditions,substantially limit major life activities but that is
manner, or duration under which they can betreated by a private entity as constituting such a
performed in comparison with most people.limitation;
The ADA statute defines disability as follows:(ii) Has a physical or mental impairment that
The term "disability" means, with respect to ansubstantially limits major life activities only as a result
individual:of the attitudes of others toward such impairment;
(A) a physical or mental impairment that substantiallyor
limitsone or more of the major life activities of such(iii) Has none of the impairments defined in paragraph
individual;(1) of this definition but is treated by a private entity
(B) a record of such an impairment; oras having such an impairment.
(C) being regarded as having such an impairment.The Justice Department also specifically excludes
The definition is obviously overbroad and appears tovarious conditions as not covered under the ADA
set no limitations other than it limits or impairs one orTitle III as disabilities, specifically the following are
more major life activities. The Justice Departmentexcluded from the "term disability":
which is charged with interpreting the ADA gives(i) Transvestism, transsexualism, pedophilia,
further definition about what is a disability. The justexhibitionism, voyeurism, gender identity disorders
department interprets the phrase "physical or mentalnot resulting from physical impairments, or other
impairment" as meaning as follows:sexual behavior disorders;
(i) Any physiological disorder or condition, cosmetic(ii) Compulsive gambling, kleptomania, or pyromania;
disfigurement, or anatomical loss affecting one oror
more of the following body systems: neurological;(iii) Psychoactive substance use disorders resulting
musculoskeletal; special sense organs; respiratory,from current illegal use of drugs.
including speech organs; cardiovascular; reproductive;Drug means a controlled substance, as defined in
digestive; genitourinary; hemic and lymphatic; skin;schedules I through V of section 202 of the
and endocrine;Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 812).a
(ii) Any mental or psychological disorder such asIllegal use of drugs means the use of one or more
mental retardation, organic brain syndrome, emotionaldrugs, the possession or distribution of which is
or mental illness, and specific learning disabilities;unlawful under the Controlled Substances Act (21
(iii) The phrase physical or mental impairment includes,U.S.C. 812). The term "illegal use of drugs'' does not
but is not limited to, such contagious andinclude the use of a drug taken under supervision by
noncontagious diseases and conditions as orthopedic,a licensed health care professional, or other uses
visual, speech, and hearing impairments, cerebralauthorized by the Controlled Substances Act or other
palsy, epilepsy, muscular dystrophy, multiple sclerosis,provisions of Federal law.
cancer, heart disease, diabetes, mental retardation,Individual with a disability means a person who has a
emotional illness, specific learning disabilities, HIVdisability. The term "individual with a disability'' does
disease (whether symptomatic or asymptomatic),not include an individual who is currently engaging in
tuberculosis, drug addiction, and alcoholism;the illegal use of drugs, when the private entity acts
(iv) The phrase physical or mental impairment doeson the basis of such use.
not include homosexuality or bisexuality.Minor impairments are not disabilities, some specific
The Justice Department provides further definitionimpairments that are not included are infected finger,
and defines major life activities. For purposes of theheartburn, simply myopia, left handedness, normal
ADA in public accessibility, the phrase "major lifesensitivity to tobacco smoke, fear of heights,
activities" means functions such as caring for one'svaricose veins, trick knee, crossed eyes, and usually
self, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing,being overweight.